Metal cap



C. HAMMER METAL CAP May 27 1924" Filed Oct. 31 1922 'Patented May a?, reza STAT CHARLES HAMMER, F HOLLIS COURT BOULEVARD, NEW YORK.

METAL l CAP.

Application led October 31, 1922. Serial No. 598,078.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES HAMMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hollis Court Boulevard, in the county of e Queens and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Metal Caps, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to closures particulai-ly adapted for glass containers, such as jars or bottles, the object of the invention being to provide an improved closure in the form of a metal cap in which the metal of the flange or skirt of the cap is bent up- 16 wardly upon itself to relatively closely engage the flange or skirt, thereby forming what may be designated as a hemmed edge, and from which double thickness of metal locking projections are formed, which, as illustrated in the drawings in one form thereof, are in the form of divided threads adapted for use on glass containers having similarly divided threads whereby while the cap may be readily applied and readily removed, the container will be tightly sealed.

In my contemporaneously pending application, Serial No. 599,7 58, filed Nov. 9, 1922, I have illustrated another form of projection formed from a heinmed edge, this being in the form of inwardly projecting lugs as distinguished from threads or wedge-shaped projections.

Metal caps have been constructed in which the iange or skirt has a strengthened lower edge in the form of a hollow bead or curled edge, this curled or beaded edge being for the purpose of preventing the cutting of the hands of the user as well as protecting the raw edge against corrosion. In these forms 40 of caps having divided threads, the thread commences and ends above the lower edge of the skirt or flange, and therefore is above the bead or curled edge and terminates at the beaded edge in a part section of thread. I

have discovered however that by strengthening the edge of the flange or skirt in the manner shown herein instead of by a hollow bead or curled edge, all the advantages of a cap having a strengthened edge which will not cut the hands of the user and' which will also protect the lower edge of the skirt or flange of the cap from corrosion, are still retained, while at the same time each of the divided threads can start at the lower edge of the skirt 0r flange, and this when desired onto the container more quickly. Furthervmore by means of the present improvement,

the thread itself is materially reinforced since it is of a double thickness of metal. Therefore an object of the present improvement is the provision of an improved metal cap which can be made of thin sheet metal having a shallow depending skirt or flange having a strengthened edge in the form of a hem and provided with a plurality of projections shown in the form of threads formed partly or wholly in such hemmed edge whereby the thread is of double thickness of metal so that both the edge of the cap and the thread are similarly reinforced, and which cap, in the preferred form thereof, is provided with a rou hened surface or aseries of corrugations etween the thread and the top thereof.

In the drawings accom anying and forming a part of this speci cation Fig. 1 is a side view of this improved cap showing one form of divided thread; Fig. 2 is a side view thereof showing a different form of thread; Fig. 3 is across sectional view somewhat enlarged of the cap shown in Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the cap shown in Fig. l; Fig. 5 is a side view of the cap shown in Fig. l but showing the `skirt or flange having an inturned stren thened portion; and Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the cap shown in Fig. 5. Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views of the drawings.

In the manufacture of this improved cap a flat sheet metal blank is'lirst pressed or stamped into the form of a hat-shaped blank to form the top 2 and the skirt or flange 3 of the cap. This skirt has preferably an outturned edge or flange, although in practice this edge may be inturned. This hat-shaped blank is then provided with corrugations 4 which not only strengthen the cap but facilitate its assemblage on the jar as well as its removal therefrom. The outturned or inturned portion of the flange 'is pressed or rolled int-o position to hug the ange or skirt (as at 5) of the cap thereby forming a hemmed edge or flange 6. This may be done simultaneously with the forma.-

tion of the corrugations or separately as preferred. Then by means of pro er pressure suitable locking projections are ormed from the hemmed flange and when these projections are in the form. of threads they are usually formed by means of suitable rolls. ln theform shown in the drawings divided threads 7 are pressed or rolled into this hemmed edge. Thus both the cap skirt and the threads are of double thickness of metal below the corrugations. By forming the strengthened edge of the cap as a hemmed edge instead of as a hollow bead or curl, the thread can be rolled or extended over the edge of the cap in the same manner that this is done in a raw edge cap. rlhe advantage of this is that the thread will start onto the jar quicker and by reason of its double thickness will have greater strength, while at the same time the strengthened ed e of the cap will prevent the cutting of t e hands of the user and the corrosion usually present in a raw edge cap. Furthermore the thread may have a full section at its starting point. ln practice, the thread can be made either with a full section at its starting point as in Fig. 2, or it can be narrow and shallow at its starting point as at 8, Fig. l, and wide and deep as at 9 remotely therefrom or at its other end. Furthermore by forming the thread wholly or partially in the hemmed edge it may be very much longer since it starts at the lower edge of the cap and can run until it reaches the corrugations, thus giving a longer 'gripping surface on the glass thread of the container. lin this improved cap the thread of any desired length may be so formed that for a considerable portion or the major portion of its length, the lower edge coincides or substantially so, with the lower edge of the flange or skirt, while its upper or top or working edge is inclined' from one end toward the other as in Figs. 1, 3 and 5 thus forming what may be considered a wedge, although the threads may be so formed that, 'as stated, they are a full section from end to end, in which case one thread will overlap another around the circumference of the cap as in Fig. 2. `When formed in the first way the thread practically fills, at its wide portion, the space between the lower edge of the flange or skirt and the corrugations, while its other or startin end commencesat the lower edge of 'the ange or skirt so that it can be as hereinbefore stated, rolled over such edge. rlhus in the present form of cap shown herein the divided threads are of such length that a certain number thereof will practically take up the entire circumference of the cap, and yet the skirt or flange of the cap is maintained of shallow formation as contradistinguished from those caps known as Mason jar caps which have a deep Hangs made necessary by the length Leeasaa of the thread.' lin other words in the present improved cap the skirt or flange is shown of a shallow type and yet the thread is very long because 1t starts at the .lower edge of the skirt. ln those forms of caps having the lower edge in the form of a hollow bead or curled edge, it is necessary to have a much deeper flange or skirt in order to form. a thread of the same length as in the present improved cap, since as the working part of the thread starts above the curled or beaded edge and runs to the corrugations, it follows that the length of the workin part of the thread is necessarily determine by the amount of metal left between the bead and the corrugations in which to form such thread. So that if the cap is a shallow flange cap the working part of the thread must necessarily be a comparatively short one and therefore to make a long thread the flange must be a deep one, whereas in the present improvement by starting the thread at the lower hemmed edge of the cap the thread is a comparatively long one and this without making the flange other than as a shallow flange. 'llhus by forming the strengthened edge of the cap as a hemmed edge instead of as a hollow curl or bead, ll am able to provide an improved cap with the thread starting at the lower edge of the skirt or flange so that it can be more quickly turned onto a glass jar and which will also have a longer gripping surface thereon as well as a reinforced thread and a reinforced or strengthened lower edge with all the atu tendant advantages thereof among which is a strengthened flange and cap and one in which the hands of the user will not be cut or corrosion take place at the lower edge of the cap. rlhus I have provided a very strong durable cap due to the three strengthening features thereof, to wit, the double thickness edge, the double thickness thread, and the corrugations therebetween and the top of the cap, all of which materially flange, and this hemmed edge can be utilized to provide any suitable form of locking projection therein and of any desired number. When these projections are in the form of threads they form helical grooves at the outer side of the flange and when the thread has overlapping portions they form what may be considered helical grooves between suoli overlapping portions.

In practice a suitable fornrr of liner 1s usually used within the cap to effect a hermetic seal of the glass contamer.

It will be understood that by descr1b1ng in detail herein any particular form, structure or arrangement, it is not intended to limit the invention beyond the terms of the several claims or the requirements of the prior art, since I believe that I am the first to provide a cap having a shallow flange or otherwise with a reinforcing or strengthened hemmed edge as distinguished from a hollow or tubular edge such as is the usual cap curl, bead or roll with threads, or in fact any form of locking projection formed from both the hem and the metal of the skirt so that it is of double thickness of metal.

I claim as my invention:

1. A metal cap having a'depending flange or skirt provided with a hemmed edge with the walls thereof in relatively close engagement and having a plurality of locking projections formed in such hemmed edge whereby such projections are of a double thickness of metal, each of said projections having a lengthwise extending inclined locking face.

2. A metal cap having avdepending flange or skirt provided with an outturned hemmed edge with the Walls thereof in relatively close engagement and having a plurality of locking projections formed in such hemmed edge, each havin a lengthwise extending inclined locking face, whereby such projections are of double thickness of metal.

3. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a double walled portion with the walls thereof in relatively close engagement and having divided threadlike projections formed from such double walled portion.

4. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt having a double thickness of metal at its lower edge with the walls thereof in relatively close engagement, and a plurality of wedge-formed projections, each formed for an appreciable partI thereof from such double thickness of metal.

5. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a strengthened edge formed by a double wall flange with thel walls thereof in relatively close engagement and having a plurality of projections or threads formed therefrom and extending over such straightened edge, and each having a lengthwise extending inclined locking face.

6. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a hemmed portion edge having therein a plurality of divided threads extended over the hemmed edge of the cap.

7. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a hemmed flange with the walls thereof in relatively close engagement and extending substantially midway of the depth of the flange and having a plurality of locking projections having lengthwise extending inclined locking faces commencing at the lower edge of the cap and extending circumferentially of the flange.

8. A metal cap having a shallow depending flange or skirt provided with an exteriorly formed hemmed flange with the walls thereof in'relatively close engagement and having a plurality of wedge formed locking projections commencing at the lower edge of the cap and extending circumferentially of such hemmed flange.

A metal cap having 'a depending flange or skirt having a closely engaging double thickness of metal having formed therefrom a plurality of locking projections or threads commencing at the lower edge of the cap and extending circumferentially of the flange, each of said projections having a narrow portion and a wide portion.

10. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt having a closely engaging double thickness of metal having formed therefrom a plurality of locking projections or threads commencing at the lower edge of the cap and extending circumferentially of the flange, each of said projections having a shallow portion and a deep portion.

11. A metal cap having a shallow depending flange or skirt having a closely engaging double thickness of metal having formed therefrom a plurality of locking projections or threads commencing at the lower edge of theJ cap and extending circumferentially of the flange, each of said projections having a narrow and shallow portion and a wide and deep portion.

12. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt having a closely engaging double thickness of metal having formed therefrom a plurality of locking projections or-threads commencing at the lower edge of the cap and extending circumferentially of the flange, each of said projections having an inclined upper or working edge and a relatively straight lower edge for an appreciable distance thereof.

13. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt having a closely engaging double thickness of metal having formed therefrom a plurality of locking projections or threads commencing at the lower edge of the ca and extending circumferentially of the flange, each of said projections having an inclined upper or working edge and a relatively straight lower edge substantially co` inciding with the lower edge of the cap for an appreciable distance of the thread.

14. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with reinforcing corrugations and with a strengthened portion formed by bending the skirt or flange upon itself so as to substantially hug such skirt, and a plurality of wedge shaped projections or l threads formed from such strengthened portion.

l5. A metal cap having a depending skirt or flange provided with reinforcmg corrugations and with a strengthened portion formed by bending the skirt or flange upon itself so as to substantially hug such skirt, a )lurality of locking projections or threads ormed from such strengthened portion, and each commencin at the lower edge of the slirt and extending circumferentially there- 16. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with reinforcing corrugations and with a straightened portion formed by bending the skirt or ange upon itself so as to substantially hug such skirt and form a double wall, a plurality of locking projections or threads, each formed for an appreciable part thereof from such double wall, and each commencing at the lower edge of the skirt and extending circumferentially thereof.

17. A metal cap having a shallow depending flange or skirt provided with a double walled portion with the walls thereof in relatively close engagement and with reinforcing corrugations and a plurality of divided threadsi formed from double walled portions and commencing at the lower ed e of the cap and terminating adjacent to t e corrugations, each of said threads having a narrow and shallow entering end and a wide and deep portion substantially filling the space between the lower edge and the corrugations of the flange, and each havin an inclined working edge and a lower e ge substantially coincident for an appreciable distance with the lower edge of the flange.

18. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a plurality of wedgeshaped projections or threads, said flange having its lower edge bent upon itself so as to substantially hug said flange, thereby to form a strengthened edge.

19. 'll'he method of making a metal cap of relatively thin sheet metal, which consists in pressing a flat blank into shape to form a top and a depending flange or skirt, then subjecting the lower edge of the flange or skirt to pressure thereby to bend such lower edge upon thc skirt so as to substantially hug the flange, then subjecting the flange to ressure thereby to provide it with a plurality of projections or threads of double wall thickness starting at the lower edge of the skirt.

20. The method of making a metal cap of l relatively thin sheet metal, which consists in pressing a flat blank into shape to form a top and a depending ange or skirt, then subjecting the lower edge of the flange or skirt to pressure, thereby to bend such lower edge upon the skirt so as to substantially hug thel flange, then subjecting the flange to nanterre pressure, therebV to provide it with a plurality of we ge-shaped projections orthreads of double wall thickness starting at the lower edge of the skirt, and also subjecting the flange to pressure to provide strengthening corrugations therein above said projecti'ons.

2l. A metal cap having a depending flange orskirt provided with a closely engaging double wall for a considerable distance upwardly of the Harige thereby to strengthen the flange and prevent the spreading thereof, said flange having inwardly extendin locking projections formed from the meta at such double wall.

22. A metal cap havingadepending Harige or skirt provided with a double wall for a considerable distance u wardly of the @ange thereby to strengthen tlie Harige and prevent the spreading thereof, said flange having inwardly extending locking projections formed by projecting the double wall inwardly and Inamtaining it in relatively close engagement.

23. A metal cap having a depending ange depressed inwardly between the top and bottom of said flange to form a circumferentially extending locking rojection of wedge or threadlike` form with the flange bent at its lower edge upwardly upon itself and in substantial contact with said Harige for substantially the entire height or width of said rojection, thereby forming a hemmed e ge or double wall.

2t. A metal cap having a depending flange depressed inwardly between its top and bottom to form a circumferentially extending locking projection of wedge or threadlike form with the flange bent at its lower edge upwardly upon itself for substantially the entire height or width of said projection and also depressed inwardly to conform to the shape of such locking projection, thereby forming a double wall with the members thereof in substantial contact.

25. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a closely engaging double wall for a considerable distance upwardly of the flange thereby to strengthen the flange and revent the spreading thereof, said flange aving means formed from the metal at such double wall for holding the cap onto a container.

26. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a closely engaging double wall for a considerable distance upwardly of the flange thereby to strengthen the flange and prevent the spreading thereof, said flange having an inwardly extending Vlocking projection formed from the metal at such double wall.

27. A metal cap having a depending flange or skirt provided with a closely engaging double wall for a 4considerable distance upwardly of the flange, therebyto strengthen 'lll lll@

the flange and prevent the spreading thereof, said flange having an inwardly extending locking projection formed from the metal at such double wall and also having reinforc-r ing corrugations.

28. A sheet metal closure for containers, comprising a top and a skirtportion that is extended downwardly and then extended upwardly for a considerable distance in engagement with one face of said skirt portion, and a double walled helical groove formed in the skirt by depression of both of said contacting walls of the skirt.

29. A sheet metal closure for containers comprising a top and a skirt portion that is extended downwardly and then extended upwardly for a considerable distance in engagement'with the face of said skirt portion, and one or more double-Walled helical grooves formed in the skirt by depression of both of said contacting walls .of the skirt, each of said grooves extending upwardly from the bottom doubled edge.

Signed at 1822-3-4 Park Row Building, New York, N. Y., this 24th day of October, 1922.

CHARLES HAMMER. 

